The Science

First-principles physiology, research, and the data behind good training.

Exercise Physiology

First-principles explanations of VO₂ max, threshold, fatigue, adaptation, and biomechanics.

Why aerobic fitness is the foundation of endurance performance and long-term progression.

Summaries of books, papers, and historical methods that shaped distance running knowledge.

Use heart rate, pace, and training data to support sound coaching judgment.